Jump to content

Minyanka language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Minyaka
Mamara
Native toMali
Native speakers
740,000 (2000)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3myk
Glottologmama1271
Map showing where Mamara is spoken.

Minyanka (also known as Mamara, Miniyanka, Minya, Mianka, Minianka, or Tupiire) is a northern Senufo language spoken by about 750,000 people in southeastern Mali. It is closely related to Supyire. Minyanka is one of the national languages of Mali.

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

[edit]
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Labio-
velar
Pharyn-
geal
Glottal
plain lab. pal. plain pal.
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ ŋ͡m
Plosive voiceless p t c k k͡p ʔ
voiced b d ɟ ɡ ɡʲ ɡ͡b
prenasal ᵐb ⁿd ᶮɟ ᵑɡ
Fricative voiceless f s ʃ (h)
voiced v z ʒ (ʕ) (ɦ)
Rhotic r
Approximant l j w
  • A pharyngeal fricative [ʕ] is also typically heard when in between vowels, or as an allophone of /ɡ/ when in intervocalic position.
  • Glottal sounds [h, ɦ] are only heard in the Bla dialect, instead of labio-velar sounds /k͡p, ɡ͡b, ŋ͡m/.[2]
  • Sounds /k, ɡ/ can also be heard as fricatives [x, ɣ] when in intervocalic positions.[3]

Vowels

[edit]
Front Central Back
Close i ĩ u ũ
Close-mid e ə o
Open-mid ɛ ɛ̃ ɔ ɔ̃
Open a ã
  • /u/ can also be heard as [y] when in the position of /j/.
  • /o/ can also be heard as [œ] when before a glottal /ʔ/.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Minyaka at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Coulibaly, Sékou (2020). Le minyanka parlé dans le cercle de Bla: une description phonologique et morphosyntaxique. Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris III.
  3. ^ Prost, André (1964). Le Mambar. In Prost, André (ed.), Contribution à l'étude des langues voltaïques: Dakar: Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire, Université de Dakar. pp. 123–183.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Dombrowsky-Hahn, Klaudia (ed. by Miehe, Gudrun; Reineke, Brigitte; Roncador, Manfred von) (1999) Phénomènes de contact entre les langues Minyanka et Bambara (Sud du Mali). Köln: Rüdiger Köppe.
  • Prost, André (1964) Contributrion à l'étude des langues Voltaiques. Dakar: Institut Francophone de l'Afrique Noire.
[edit]