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List of consonants

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of all the consonants which have a dedicated letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, plus some of the consonants which require diacritics, ordered by place and manner of articulation.

(articulated by using the lips)

(articulated by using the tip of the tongue)

(articulated with the middle of the tongue)

(articulated with the throat)

Pulmonic consonants
Sibilant fricatives
Central non-sibilant fricatives
Lateral fricatives
both fricatives and approximants
Pseudo-fricatives
Sibilant affricates
Non-sibilant affricates
Lateral affricates
Approximants
Fricatives
Affricates
Flaps
Ejective
Clicks
Plosives
Affricates
Fricatives
Plosives
Fricatives
Approximants

The less common clicks, such as are found in Taa, are not included.

Simple clicks
Glottalized clicks
Pulmonic-contour clicks
Ejective-contour clicks

These are not found in any language, but occur as phonetic detail or through speech defects.

See also

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