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43rd New Zealand Parliament

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43rd Parliament of New Zealand
42nd Parliament 44th Parliament
Overview
Legislative bodyNew Zealand Parliament
Term28 November 1990 – 23 September 1993
Election1990 New Zealand general election
GovernmentFourth National Government
House of Representatives
Members97
Speaker of the HouseRobin Gray
Leader of the HouseDon McKinnon
Paul East until 27 March 1993
Prime MinisterJim Bolger
Leader of the OppositionMike Moore
Sovereign
MonarchElizabeth II
Governor-GeneralCatherine Tizard
Paul Reeves until 29 November 1990
Sessions
1st28 November 1990 – 19 December 1990
2nd22 January 1991 – 23 September 1993

The 43rd New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. Its composition was determined by the 1990 elections, and it sat until the 1993 elections.

The 43rd Parliament saw the beginning of the fourth National Party government, with the Labour Party failing to win a third term in office. The 43rd Parliament was heavily dominated by National, which controlled nearly seventy percent of the seats. Only one minor party, Jim Anderton's NewLabour, was present at the beginning of the 43rd Parliament. Later, NewLabour would join with several unrepresented parties to form the Alliance, which would gain two additional seats when two National MPs defected. Another National MP, Winston Peters, would also break away from his party, becoming an independent.

The 43rd Parliament consisted of ninety-seven representatives, the same as the previous Parliament. All of these representatives were chosen by single-member geographical electorates, including four Māori electorates.

Electoral boundaries for the 43rd Parliament

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Overview of seats

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The table below shows the number of MPs in each party following the 1990 election and at dissolution:

Affiliation Members
At 1990 election At dissolution
National 67 63
Government total 67 63
Labour 29 29
NewLabour 1 Merger 1
Alliance Not yet founded 2
NZ First Not yet founded 2
Independent 1
Opposition total 30 34
Total
97 97
Working Government majority 37 29

Notes

  • ^1 Jim Anderton, Leader of the NewLabour Party merged the party into the newly founded Alliance party.
  • The Working Government majority is calculated as all Government MPs less all other parties.

Initial composition of the 43rd Parliament

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The tables below shows the results of the 1990 general election:

Key

  National   Labour   Democrats   NewLabour   Mana Motuhake

Electorate results for the 1990 New Zealand general election
Electorate Incumbent Winner Majority Runner up
General electorates
Albany Don McKinnon 7,455 June Allen
Ashburton Jenny Shipley 7,922 Basil Moskovis
Auckland Central Richard Prebble 3,277 Kathryn Hill
Avon Larry Sutherland 4,250 Wendy Rush
Awarua Jeff Grant 4,964 Heather Russell
Bay of Islands John Carter 5,285 Bruce Raitt
Birkenhead Jenny Kirk Ian Revell 2,813 Jenny Kirk
Christchurch Central Geoffrey Palmer Lianne Dalziel 3,769 Ross Gluer
Christchurch North Mike Moore 2,148 Peter Yarrell
Clevedon Warren Kyd 4,732 Ann Batten
Clutha Robin Gray 6,527 Jeff Buchanan
Coromandel Graeme Lee 6,342 Margaret Hawkeswood
Dunedin North Stan Rodger Pete Hodgson 2,336 Gael Donoghue
Dunedin West Clive Matthewson 1,779 Ian McMeeking
East Cape Anne Collins Tony Ryall 1,968 Dianne Collins
East Coast Bays Murray McCully 5,216 Gary Knapp
Eastern Hutt Trevor Young Paul Swain 801 Rosemary Thomas
Eden Richard Northey Christine Fletcher 1,524 Richard Northey
Fendalton Philip Burdon 4,993 Tony Day
Gisborne Allan Wallbank Wayne Kimber 449 Allan Wallbank
Glenfield Judy Keall Peter Hilt 2,958 Judy Keall
Hamilton East Bill Dillon Tony Steel 2,121 Bill Dillon
Hamilton West Trevor Mallard Grant Thomas 1,563 Trevor Mallard
Hastings David Butcher Jeff Whittaker 728 David Butcher
Hawkes Bay Bill Sutton Michael Laws 2,895 Bill Sutton
Heretaunga Bill Jeffries Peter McCardle 1,122 Bill Jeffries
Hobson Ross Meurant 6,641 Howard Henry
Horowhenua Annette King Hamish Hancock 624 Annette King
Invercargill Rob Munro 4,137 Barry Rait
Island Bay Elizabeth Tennet 3,635 Ann Nolan
Kaimai Robert Anderson 8,147 Gordon Dickson
Kaipara Lockwood Smith 8,610 Wayne Sellwood
Kapiti Margaret Shields Roger Sowry 1,599 Margaret Shields
King Country Jim Bolger 7,274 Cameron Gordon
Lyttelton Peter Simpson Gail McIntosh 68 Peter Simpson
Manawatu David Robinson Hamish MacIntyre 3,089 David Robinson
Mangere David Lange 4,039 Bryan Archer
Manurewa Roger Douglas George Hawkins 1,143 Pat Baker
Maramarua Bill Birch 7,670 Charles Chauvel
Marlborough Doug Kidd 7,187 Barbara Hutchinson
Matamata John Luxton 8,501 Bill Pepperell
Miramar Peter Neilson Graeme Reeves 552 Peter Neilson
Mt Albert Helen Clark 1,230 Larry Bellshaw
Napier Geoff Braybrooke 1,265 Colleen Pritchard
Nelson Philip Woollaston John Blincoe 636 L Baigent
New Lynn Jonathan Hunt 1,099 Martyn Athol Bishop
New Plymouth Harry Duynhoven John Armstrong 1,701 Harry Duynhoven
North Shore George Gair Bruce Cliffe 6,183 Graeme Ransom
Ohariu Peter Dunne 783 George Mathew
Onehunga Fred Gerbic Grahame Thorne 612 Fred Gerbic
Otago Warren Cooper 3,927 Tony Cooke
Otara Colin Moyle Trevor Rogers 1,226 Taito Phillip Field
Pahiatua John Falloon 7,689 Margo Martindale
Pakuranga Maurice Williamson 9,086 Paul Charles Grant
Palmerston North Trevor de Cleene Steve Maharey 349 Paul Sherriff
Panmure Bob Tizard Judith Tizard 1,098 Gray Bartlett
Papakura Merv Wellington John Robertson 5,665 James Stubbs
Papatoetoe Ross Robertson 510 Allan Brewster
Pencarrow Sonja Davies 384 Ray Wallace
Porirua Graham Kelly 3,453 P Faulkner
Raglan Simon Upton 5,442 Olivia Scaletti-Longley
Rangiora Jim Gerard 5,273 Judith Alison McLachlan
Rangitikei Denis Marshall 6,127 Patricia Barton
Remuera Doug Graham 7,368 Carl Harding
Roskill Phil Goff Gilbert Myles 644 Phil Goff
Rotorua Paul East 5,270 Bruce Raitt
St Albans David Caygill 1,560 David Dumergue
St Kilda Michael Cullen 1,886 Bruce Alexander
Selwyn Ruth Richardson 5,441 Val Elley
Sydenham Jim Anderton 1,443 Linda Constable
Tamaki Robert Muldoon 7,592 Malcolm Johnston
Taranaki Roger Maxwell 7,867 Scott Dalziel
Tarawera Ian McLean Max Bradford 5,152 Malcolm Moore
Tasman Ken Shirley Nick Smith 2,246 Ken Shirley
Tauranga Winston Peters 9,314 Bill Delaney
Te Atatu Michael Bassett Brian Neeson 1,370 Dan McCaffrey
Timaru Maurice McTigue 3,192 Gary Clarke
Titirangi Ralph Maxwell Marie Hasler 64 Ralph Maxwell
Tongariro Noel Scott Ian Peters 886 Noel Scott
Waikaremoana Roger McClay 5,865 David Davies
Waikato Rob Storey 6,172 George Middleton
Waipa Katherine O'Regan 8,477 Mark Apiata-Wade
Wairarapa Wyatt Creech 4,141 Pauline Moran
Waitaki Jim Sutton Alec Neill 2,905 Jim Sutton
Waitotara Venn Young Peter Gresham 7,192 Dominic O'Sullivan
Wallace Derek Angus Bill English 8,886 David Soper
Wanganui Russell Marshall Cam Campion 409 Jill Pettis
Wellington Central Fran Wilde 246 Pauline Gardiner[nb 1]
West Auckland Jack Elder 252 Laurie Wicks
West Coast Kerry Burke Margaret Moir 2,611 Kerry Burke
Western Hutt John Terris Joy Quigley 700 John Terris
Whangarei John Banks 6,839 Edna Tait
Yaldhurst Margaret Austin 42 John Connelly
Māori electorates
Eastern Maori Peter Tapsell 6,844 Wi Kuki Kaa
Northern Maori Bruce Gregory 956 Matiu Rata
Southern Maori Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan 7,614 Tikirau Stevens
Western Maori Koro Wētere 5,466 Eva Rickard

Table footnotes:

  1. ^ Gardiner was first on election night for Wellington Central, but lost when special votes were included [1]

By-elections during 43rd Parliament

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There were a number of changes during the term of the 43rd Parliament.

Electorate and by-election Date Incumbent Cause Winner
Tamaki 1992 15 February Sir Robert Muldoon Resignation Clem Simich
Wellington Central 1992 12 December Fran Wilde Election as Mayor of Wellington Chris Laidlaw
Tauranga 1993 17 April Winston Peters Resignation Winston Peters

Summary of changes during term

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  • Jim Anderton, the sole MP for the NewLabour Party, merged his party with several others to form the Alliance in 1991. Anderton was thereafter recorded as an Alliance MP rather than a NewLabour MP.
  • Robert Muldoon, the National Party MP for Tamaki and a former Prime Minister of New Zealand, quit Parliament on 17 December 1991. His departure prompted a by-election in Tamaki early the following year — it was won by Clem Simich, also of the National Party.
  • Gilbert Myles and Hamish MacIntyre, the National Party MPs for Roskill and Manawatu, respectively, quit their party in 1992. They established a small group Liberal Party, which they eventually merged into the Alliance.
  • Fran Wilde, the Labour Party MP for Wellington Central, quit Parliament in 1992 to become Mayor of Wellington. Her departure prompted a by-election in Wellington Central in December — it was won by Chris Laidlaw, also of the Labour Party.
  • Cam Campion, the National Party MP for Wanganui, announced his resignation from the party on 3 March 1993. He accused the party of attempting to rig the reselection process against him. Campion remained an independent for the remainder of the term.
  • Winston Peters, the National Party MP for Tauranga, resigned from both his party and his seat on 18 March 1993. His departure prompted a by-election in Tauranga in April — Peters contested and won it as an independent candidate. Later, he would found the New Zealand First party.
  • Myles left the Alliance to join Peters in New Zealand First.

Notes

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  1. ^ Bassett 2008, p. 538.

References

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  • Bassett, Michael (2008). Working with David: Inside the Lange Cabinet. Auckland: Hodder Moa. ISBN 978-1-86971-094-1.